Activity

To understand national trends in 30-day postoperative readmission following inpatient pediatric tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.

Retrospective cohort study.

Nationwide Readmissions Database.

We used the Nationwide Readmissions Database to identify and analyze 30-day readmissions following inpatient tonsillectomy from 2010 to 2015. Using the

codes, we identified 66,652 patients and analyzed the incidence, causes, risk factors, and costs of 30-day readmission.

Of 66,652 patients who underwent inpatient tonsillectomy, 2660 (4.0%) experienced a readmission. Readmitted patients were more commonly aged <2 years (23.4 vs 10.6%,

= .01) and had a greater burden of comorbidities, including preoperative anemia (3.9 vs 1.3%,

< .001), coagulopathy (3.5 vs 1.4%,

< .001), and neurologic disorders (19.1 vs 6.6%,

< .001). Readmitted patients experienced higher rates of postoperative complications (17.4 vs 9.0%,

< .001) and had a longer length of stay (4.5 vs 2.2 days,

< .001). e care may prevent readmission, reduce unnecessary health care expenditures, and improve patient outcomes.

University students experience heightened levels of stress and are seeking mental health services with increasing frequency. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) may be an effective resource for managing stress. The present study examined the effectiveness of an MBI in reducing stress, anxiety, and rumination compared to active and traditional control conditions.

Undergraduate students at a southeastern university participated in either a 4-week MBI, active control, or traditional control condition. selleck inhibitor Measures were collected pre- and post-intervention.

Overall the MBI had a significant impact on perceived stress over and above both traditional and active control conditions. The MBI also had a significant impact on trait mindfulness and anxiety compared to the traditional control condition. No significant differences were observed for rumination.

The MBI significantly impacted trait mindfulness, perceived stress, and state anxiety. MBIs may be a useful approach to successfully alleviating stress in a highly stressed population.

Undergraduate students at a southeastern university participated in either a 4-week MBI, active control, or traditional control condition. Measures were collected pre- and post-intervention. Results Overall the MBI had a significant impact on perceived stress over and above both traditional and active control conditions. The MBI also had a significant impact on trait mindfulness and anxiety compared to the traditional control condition. No significant differences were observed for rumination. Conclusions The MBI significantly impacted trait mindfulness, perceived stress, and state anxiety. MBIs may be a useful approach to successfully alleviating stress in a highly stressed population.

To describe patterns of primary surgical treatments in patients with T4b oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC).

Historical cohort study.

National Cancer Database.

Review of the National Cancer Database between 2004 and 2017 for all T4b OCSCCs. Only patients with curative treatment methods were included in the survival analysis. Surgical and nonsurgical outcomes were compared by multivariable and propensity score matching analysis.

A total of 1515 cases of T4b OCSCC were identified. A minority of patients (n = 363, 24.0%) underwent curative treatment; among these, 206 (56.7%) underwent primary surgery. Median length of follow-up was 24 months. The 90-day mortality of patients who underwent surgical treatment was 1.0%. The 2-year survival was higher for patients who underwent surgery + chemoradiotherapy (CRT) as compared with CRT (64.6% vs 45.2%,

< .001). On multivariable analysis, surgery + CRT was associated with longer survival. In a propensity score-matched cohort of 312 patients, 2-year survival remained higher in the surgical group versus the nonsurgical group (59.4% vs 45.5%,

= .02). Among patients who underwent surgery + CRT, there was no difference in 2-year survival between clinical T4a and T4b (59% vs 64.6%,

= .20).

A minority of patients with T4b OCSCC undergo treatments with curative intent. A subset of patients underwent primary surgical treatment, which was associated with longer survival. The T4b classification might entail a heterogenous group, and further studies in revision of this classification might be justified.

A minority of patients with T4b OCSCC undergo treatments with curative intent. A subset of patients underwent primary surgical treatment, which was associated with longer survival. The T4b classification might entail a heterogenous group, and further studies in revision of this classification might be justified.Stereotypes are associations between social groups and semantic attributes that are widely shared within societies. The spoken and written language of a society affords a unique way to measure the magnitude and prevalence of these widely shared collective representations. Here, we used word embeddings to systematically quantify gender stereotypes in language corpora that are unprecedented in size (65+ million words) and scope (child and adult conversations, books, movies, TV). Across corpora, gender stereotypes emerged consistently and robustly for both theoretically selected stereotypes (e.g., work-home) and comprehensive lists of more than 600 personality traits and more than 300 occupations. Despite underlying differences across language corpora (e.g., time periods, formats, age groups), results revealed the pervasiveness of gender stereotypes in every corpus. Using gender stereotypes as the focal issue, we unite 19th-century theories of collective representations and 21st-century evidence on implicit social cognition to understand the subtle yet persistent presence of collective representations in language.Previous research suggests that choice causes an illusion of control-that it makes people feel more likely to achieve preferable outcomes, even when they are selecting among options that are functionally identical (e.g., lottery tickets with an identical chance of winning). This research has been widely accepted as evidence that choice can have significant welfare effects, even when it confers no actual control. In this article, we report the results of 17 experiments that examined whether choice truly causes an illusion of control (N = 10,825 online and laboratory participants). We found that choice rarely makes people feel more likely to achieve preferable outcomes-unless it makes the preferable outcomes actually more likely-and when it does, it is not because choice causes an illusion but because choice reflects some participants’ preexisting (illusory) beliefs that the functionally identical options are not identical. Overall, choice does not seem to cause an illusion of control.