Activity

Brain injury can result in an increase in positive emotions. We describe a 63-year-old man who presented with a prominent personality change after a gunshot wound to the head. He became “content,” light-hearted, and prone to joking and punning. Prior to his brain injury, he suffered from frequent depression and suicidal ideation, which subsequently resolved. Examination showed a large right calvarial defect and right facial weakness, along with memory impairment and variable executive functions. Further testing was notable for excellent performance on joke comprehension, good facial emotional recognition, adequate Theory of Mind, and elevated happiness. Neuroimaging revealed loss of much of the right frontal and right anterior lobes and left orbitofrontal injury. This patient, and the literature, suggests that frontal predominant injury can facilitate the emergence of mirth along with a sense of increased happiness possibly from disinhibited activation of the subcortical reward/pleasure centers of the ventral striatal limbic area. Copyright © 2020 Mario F. Mendez and Leila Parand.Anxiety is a major problem for many individuals, causing impairment in daily life. Art therapy is often deployed and although positive results are communicated in clinical practice, its effectiveness and working mechanisms have hardly been studied. Therefore, it is important to systematically describe the intervention process and to detect the working mechanisms to be able to evaluate them. Narrative case studies help to understand the intervention in more depth. A typical case file was selected for case reporting according to scientific (CARE & CARE-AAT) guidelines, with the aim to explore the therapeutic elements that contributed to the reduction of anxiety. The report describes the intervention process of a 54-year-old female, suffering from anxiety since childhood and diagnosed with panic disorder, agoraphobia, claustrophobia and hypochondria. After 14 sessions of anthroposophic art therapy, reduction of anxiety was shown, as well as improvements of emotion regulation and executive functioning. The client indicated that she became more tolerant and accepting towards her anxiety. She noted a softened attitude towards herself and her complaints, even one year after art therapy. The course of treatment suggests that aspects of emotion regulation and executive functioning were addressed through implicit learning processes in different art therapy assignments. Copyright © 2019 A. C. Abbing et al.Cockayne syndrome is an uncommon autosomal recessive disease characterized by microcephaly, abnormal growth, and pathologic premature aging. The purpose of this report is to evaluate liver failure in children with Cockayne syndrome following metronidazole administration. The first case was a 2-year-old boy with Cockayne syndrome. He had been treated with metronidazole for gastroenteritis. 48 hours after treatment initiation, he was hospitalized due to jaundice, intractable vomiting, and agitation. Unfortunately, he died of acute liver failure. The second case was a 5-year-old boy with Cockayne syndrome as well, who had been treated with amoxicillin and metronidazole for a dental infection. He developed jaundice, drowsiness, lethargy, and anorexia after treatment. At hospital, the child received supportive treatment, and his general condition gradually improved. The liver enzyme levels decreased. He was finally discharged in good general condition. The mortality after metronidazole consumption in patients with Cockayne syndrome due to liver failure is very high. The awareness of the dangers of using metronidazole in these patients is valuable. Copyright © 2020 Pedram Ataee et al.Germ cell neoplasms represent around 20% of all ovarian tumors. They most frequently affect children and young adults. Mature cystic teratoma is a common benign ovarian neoplasm comprising about 95% and is made up of all three germ cell embryonic layers. By definition, mature cystic teratoma may be derived from any of the three germ cell lines. On the other hand, immature teratomas contain primitive neuroepithelial elements. However, it is quite uncommon in the English literature to have a neuroepithelial glial neoplasm arising in a mature cystic teratoma of an adolescent. Interestingly enough, all published cases described a single type of glial neoplasm arising in mature ovarian teratoma. Herein, the authors discuss a unique case of concomitant occurrence of two different glial neoplasms, namely pilocytic astrocytoma and subependymoma arising in an ovarian mature cystic teratoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case with such a distinctive histopathologic finding. Copyright © 2020 Abdelrazak Meliti et al.The use of nonsaline injectable lifting agents is now routine in the performance of endoscopic mucosal resection of bowel neoplasms (EMR). These agents are used to elevate the mucosa from the muscularis propria and permit more a complete resection of the lesion while mitigating risk of possible thermal injury to the bowel wall and thus preventing perforation. After injection, these new agents, which are replacing normal saline, often remain present in the tissues for some time following the procedure and may be identified in the resection specimens where they may mimic a number of other conditions such as mucin pools, lymphangiomas, granulomatous inflammation, and amyloid deposition. We describe the histological findings associated with the use of nonsaline injectable mucosal lifting agents. Awareness of these agents and their associated artefact may reduce misdiagnosis or the use of unnecessary ancillary studies and highlights the importance of proving relevant clinical information on submission of specimens for pathological examination. Copyright © 2020 Patricia N. Ibarra-Arzamendia and Mark G. Hanly.Teratomas are nonseminomatous germ cell tumors composed of elements derived from more than one germinal layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm). Malignant transformation of teratoma in the testis is well known; however, benign somatic neoplasm arising in a testicular teratoma is a rare occurrence. We report a case of meningothelial variant of meningioma arising in a pure and mature teratoma of the testis in a 5-year-old boy. this website Immunohistochemistry was positive for epithelial membrane antigen and vimentin. To our knowledge, this is the first report of meningothelial meningioma in a prepubertal testicular teratoma. Copyright © 2020 Ruchi Sinha et al.