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Phylogenomics-the estimation of species trees from multilocus data sets-is a common step in many biological studies. However, this estimation is challenged by the fact that genes can evolve under processes, including incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) and gene duplication and loss (GDL), that make their trees different from the species tree. In this article, we address the challenge of estimating the species tree under GDL. We show that species trees are identifiable under a standard stochastic model for GDL, and that the polynomial-time algorithm ASTRAL-multi, a recent development in the ASTRAL suite of methods, is statistically consistent under this GDL model. We also provide a simulation study evaluating ASTRAL-multi for species tree estimation under GDL.To deal with a large amount of redundant data in the indirect category database and inefficient redundancy elimination of the existing methods, we proposed an indirect category data transfer learning algorithm based on regularization discrimination. First of all, we denoised indirect category data, calculated the objective function of distance between the source domain and the target domain, and established the transfer relationship between indirect category data. Second, we adopted the regularization discriminant technique to divide the transfer network structure of indirect category data into five modules, analyzed the effects and advantages of different modules, and constructed the transfer network structure of indirect category data. Finally, the indirect category data transfer was realized by the design of the indirect category data transfer learning algorithm. The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively eliminate redundancy of indirect category data, the amplitude of fluctuation of indirect category data is small, the transfer time and energy consumption of the algorithm are low, and the accuracy is as high as about 90%, which indicates that the proposed algorithm is far superior to the traditional method and has high application value.Background The objective of this study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of the first commercial configuration of a tubeless automated insulin delivery system, Omnipod® 5, in children (6-13.9 years) and adults (14-70 years) with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in an outpatient setting. Materials and Methods This was a single-arm, multicenter, prospective clinical study. DTNB nmr Data were collected over a 14-day standard therapy (ST) phase followed by a 14-day hybrid closed-loop (HCL) phase, where participants (n = 36) spent 72 h at each of three prespecified glucose targets (130, 140, and 150 mg/dL, 9 days total) then 5 days with free choice of glucose targets (110-150 mg/dL) using the Omnipod 5. Remote safety monitoring alerts were enabled during the HCL phase. Primary endpoints were difference in time in range (TIR) (70-180 mg/dL) between ST and HCL phases and proportion of participants reporting serious device-related adverse events. Results Mean TIR was significantly higher among children in the free-choice period overall (64.9% ± 12.2%, P  less then  0.01) and when using a 110 mg/dL target (71.2% ± 10.2%, P  less then  0.01), a 130 mg/dL target (61.5% ± 7.7%, P  less then  0.01), and a 140 mg/dL target (64.8% ± 11.6%, P  less then  0.01), and among adults using a 130 mg/dL target (75.1% ± 11.6%, P  less then  0.05), compared to the ST phase (children 51.0% ± 13.3% and adults 65.6% ± 15.7%). There were no serious device-related adverse events reported during the HCL phase, nor were there episodes of severe hypoglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis. Conclusion The Omnipod 5 System was safe and effective when used at glucose targets from 110 to 150 mg/dL for 14 days at home in children and adults with T1D.The ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction (UA-ATPE) was first employed to develop an effective technique for simultaneous extraction and preliminary purification of synephrine, naringin, and neohesperidin from Citrus aurantium L. fruitlets. Five types of ethanol/salts of aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) were investigated and then the extraction conditions were further optimized using single-factor experiments and response surface methodology (RSM) via Box-Behnken Design (BBD). The optimum process parameters were concluded as follows 20.60% (w/w) K2CO3, 27% (w/w) ethanol, solvent-to-material ratio of 45.171 (gg), 120-mesh particle size of fruitlets powder, extraction temperature of 50 °C, extraction time of 30 min, and ultrasonic power of 80 W. Under these conditions, the extraction yields of synephrine, naringin, and neohesperidin were up to 11.17 mg/g, 7.39 mg/g, and 89.27 mg/g, respectively. The yield of neohesperidin extracted by the optimal UA-ATPE was over eight times higher than that extracted by the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using conventional solvents, and the total yield of target compounds was over twice higher while the impurity content in the extract was much lower. Therefore, UA-ATPE appeared to be a highly effective and promising approach for the extraction of synephrine, naringin, and neohesperidin from C. aurantium fruitlets.Circular RNA (circRNA) is a new non-coding RNA with a highly conserved and stable covalently closed loop structure, and it plays an important role in a variety of biological processes and the occurrence of diseases. Based on the sequencing results, circRNA_3079 had the most significant difference between the infected group and normal group, up to about 8 times. It has attracted our attention and was selected for further verification and analysis. Though the characteristics analysis of circRNA_3079 in chicken, we found circRNA_3079 is a stable, circular transcript, which mainly exists in the cytoplasm. And it is widely expressed in various tissues of chickens, and highly expressed in lung, spleen, lymph and bursa of fabricius. Bioinformatics analysis results showed that circRNA_3079 and the predicted target genes are enriched in many pathways related to immunity or tumors, such as p53 signaling pathway, Jak-STAT signaling pathway and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, which revealed that circRNA_3079 may indirectly regulate the ALV-J infection process through the regulation of target genes.