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32-1.35). After excluding combination drug studies, the overall ORs between vonoprazan and PPIs on ulcer healing and delayed bleeding were 1.44 and 0.76, respectively. CONCLUSION During the first 2 weeks of treatment, vonoprazan was more effective than PPIs for treating H. pylori-positive patients with ESD-induced gastric ulcers.BACKGROUND Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a particularly common problem in preterm infants. Although surgical ligation is rarely performed in many contemporary neonatal intensive care units, it remains a necessary treatment option for preterm infants with a large hemodynamically significant PDA under strict clinical criteria, and it can reduce mortality in preterm infants. However, the optimal timing of surgical ligation is still controversial. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the mortality and morbidity of early and late surgical ligation of PDA in preterm or very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants. METHODS This review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42019133686). We searched the databases of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform up to May 2019. RESULTS This review included 6 retrospective studies involvin conclusion. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42019133686.Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal colonization is a pre-requisite for pneumococcal disease; the risk for pneumococcal disease is high in children born to women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We investigated pneumococcal colonization, serotype distribution and antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates carried by perinatal HIV-infected and HIV-exposed-uninfected (HEU) children.Serial nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 331 HIV-infected and 491 HEU children, at up to 6 scheduled timepoints, between median ages of 25 to 181 weeks. Pneumococcus was identified by culture; serotyping and antibiotic susceptibility testing were done by conventional methods. No pneumococcal vaccine was given.HIV-infected children were less likely to be colonized with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 7 serotypes than HEU at a median of 25 weeks of age (23% vs 36%; P  less then  .001); however, no differences in colonization between the 2 groups were observed at subsequent study-visits. Over the 36-months study-period pneumococcal colonization increased in both HIV-infected (from 45% to 77%) and HEU (from 57% to 61%) children. Over the study-period, pneumococcal isolates non-susceptible to cotrimoxazole decreased from 92% to 57% and had a similar trend to penicillin (from 65% to 42%) in HIV-infected children. Similarly, pneumococcal nonsusceptible to cotrimoxazole decreased from 93% to 57% and to penicillin from 69% to 37% in HEU children.Vaccine serotype colonization was common in this population and similar rates were observed in HIV-infected and HEU children. The prevalence of pneumococcal isolates non-susceptible to cotrimoxazole and penicillin decreased with age.Serum albumin is a marker of nutritional and frailty status. This study aimed to assess the association between serum albumin at the time of admission and the risk of acute respiratory failure (ARF) in hospitalized patientsThis cohort study, performed at a tertiary referral hospital, included all hospitalized adult patients from January 2009 to December 2013 who had serum albumin measurement and were not on mechanical ventilation within 24 hours of hospital admission. KU60019 Serum albumin was stratified into 2.4, 2.5 to 2.9, 3.0 to 3.4, 3.5 to 3.9, 4.0 to 4.4, and ≥4.5 g/dL. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to obtain adjusted odds ratio (OR) of risk of ARF requiring mechanical ventilation based on various admission serum albumin levels.Of 12,719 patients, ARF requiring mechanical ventilation occurred in 1128 (8.9%) during hospitalization. Hypoalbuminemia was associated with increased risk of ARF, in particular when serum albumin was ≤2.4 g/dL. Compared with serum albumin of 4.0-4.4 g/dL, serum albumin ≤2.4 g/dL at admission was associated with 2.38-time higher odds of ARF during hospitalization (OR 2.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.84-3.07). In contrast, elevated serum albumin ≥4.5 g/dL was associated with lower odds of ARF (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.48-0.97).Admission serum albumin level lower than 3.5 g/dL was associated with a higher risk of ARF requiring mechanical ventilation, whereas elevated serum albumin level at least 4.5 g/dL was associated with a lower risk of ARF. Therefore, admission albumin level at admission might be useful in the prediction of ARF during hospitalization.BACKGROUND The global prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is estimated to be as high as 15%, and it is estimated that IBS has a prevalence of approximately 10% to 20% in Western countries. Some trials showed mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid [5-ASA]) might be effective for IBS, but the results still need to be confirmed. Hence, this meta-analysis is designed to assess the efficacy and safety of mesalazine for IBS in adults and children. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive database search for randomized trials of mesalazine for IBS in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. The search strategy was performed from inception to December 31, 2019, without restrictions on publication status and language. The reference lists of the included articles were also checked to identify additional studies for potential inclusion. Two reviewers will independently review all literature for inclusion and assess their risk of bias. Two reviewers will independently extract data from eligible studies based on a pre-designed standardized form. Any disagreements will be resolved by consensus. Stata SE 15.0 software will be used for data synthesis. RESULTS This is the first meta-analysis focusing on mesalazine for the treatment of IBS. We predict it will provide high-quality synthesis on existing evidence for IBS and a relatively comprehensive reference for clinical practice and development of clinical guidelines for IBS. CONCLUSION This protocol outlined the significance and methodological details of a systematic review of mesalazine for IBS. This ongoing meta-analysis will provide high-quality synthesis on existing evidence for IBS. REGISTRATION The meta-analysis has been prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019147860).