Activity

Surgical resection and tracheal reconstruction are the most effective treatment options for airway stenosis. Tracheal surgery is challenging and requires a multidisciplinary approach and a highly specialized team of anesthesiologists and thoracic surgeons that are “sharing the airways”. Several airway management tools, different devices, and various approaches can be required to ensure ventilation and gas exchange. We describe the case of a patient affected by tight tracheal stenosis, submitted to tracheal resection and reconstruction via combined cervicotomy and sternotomy surgical approach. Airway management was successfully performed by i-gel® (Intersurgical, UK) supraglottic device.Coronary subclavian steal syndrome (CSSS) is a rare complication of the internal mammary artery (IMA) grafting in coronary artery bypass surgery. The technical definition is myocardial ischemia due to the reduced flow of blood, or flow reversal in the IMA graft. This in most cases results from hemodynamically significant proximal subclavian artery stenosis. The clinical presentation is variable and ranges from unstable angina to myocardial infarction, and in some cases, sudden cardiac arrest. CSSS is an entity that is hard to diagnose if one is not actively looking for it. The clinical diagnosis is often complicated, and the prevalence of the disorder is frequently underestimated. In this case presentation, we report a case of myocardial infarction that resulted from significant proximal subclavian artery stenosis.A 5-year-old child with L posed great arteries, large subpulmonic ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defect (ASD), and a large patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with mild isthmic narrowing was scheduled for surgical correction. Intraoperatively, it was a case of anatomically corrected malposition of great arteries. Due to abnormal positioning of great vessels, the isthmus was ligated instead of the large PDA. The postoperative transesophageal echocardiography showed pulsatile flow in descending aorta as it was being filled by large PDA, and thus iatrogenic coarctation (CoA) was missed. It was detected in the intensive care unit due to the onset of acidosis on blood gas analysis and the presence of gradient between radial and femoral arterial line pressures. selleck chemical The patient was taken for redo surgery, the PDA was then ligated, resection of the isthmic narrowing and repair by end-to-end anastomosis was done.Posterior mediastinal masses by their location pose a risk of compression of heart, great vessels and airway. These risks are further exaggerated, with the use of neuromuscular relaxants and lateral positioning during anesthesia. We report a case of a 2.5 months old baby with posterior mediastinal mass causing compression of left bronchus and significant mediastinal shift with respiratory distress as a primary complaint. This posterior mediastinal Mass (PMM) was removed by right lateral thoracotomy without the initial use of neuromuscular blockade till the pleura was opened.Coronary artery bypass grafting is the mainstay of revascularization worldwide. However, the most widely used saphenous vein grafts are related to a number of late sequelae. Aortocoronary saphenous vein graft aneurysms mainly diagnosed incidentally are one of these complications. Although rare, given the fatal risk of rupture if left untreated, management either with percutaneous intervention or open redo surgery should be considered. However, no guidelines are established in current scarce literature. Hereby, we present the successful percutaneous management of a huge saphenous vein graft aneurysm via coiling, avoiding the risks of repeat sternotomy.Congenital factor VII (FVII) deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder (RBD) with phenotypes ranging from asymptomatic state to life threatening bleeding episodes. There is no established recommendation for the perioperative management of patients scheduled for cardiac surgery. We have described the perioperative management of a patient with FVII deficiency treated for aortic valve stenosis, coronary artery disease, and atrial fibrillation. Balancing perioperative bleeding risk and risks of thrombotic events thereafter in such patients is difficult and requires a multidisciplinary approach.Hypoxia can occur after repair of transposition of great arteries. The most common cause of right to left shunt after arterial switch surgery is related to increased right ventricular pressures and persistent neonatal pulmonary arterial hypertension. We report a case of TGA repair causing right to left shunt with normal right ventricular pressures. Persistence of Eustachian valve with patent foramen ovale (PFO) is the unusual cause of hypoxia and desaturation. The patient was successfully managed by excision of Eustachian valve and closure of PFO.Incentive spirometer (IS) is a popular choice for chest physiotherapy. It is used to optimize preoperative respiratory status and prevent postoperative pulmonary complications. However, the use of conventional forms of IS pose a challenging task in children due to the lack of cooperation, compliance, and submaximal effort on the part of pediatric patients. To tackle this problem, we describe an innovative and fascinating technique of spirometry. It employs a toy as a better acceptable incentive spirometry device in pediatric population. This toy has a mouthpiece and a long inflatable plastic strip at the other end. As the child blows into the mouthpiece, a captivating sound from the toy keeps buzzing progressively till the air is being blown during exhalation and is accompanied with inflation of the strip in an elongated fashion. Hence, this device incorporates the two best enjoyed incentives for children, namely, visual and audio to ensure patient compliance and participation.We report a case of 44-year-old female patient with congenital heart disease, ostium secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) with moderate mitral regurgitation for minimally invasive ASD repair along with mitral valve repair. Venous cannulations were performed through right internal jugular vein and right femoral vein (RFV) and arterial cannulation was accomplished through right femoral artery. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) could not visualize venous cannula through RFV. However, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was initiated and surgery was proceeded. During surgery, patients abdomen became tense and distened, ontable ultrasound examination of abdomen was done after completion of the surgery to rule out hemoperitoneum but was inconclusive, patient was evaluated further under fluoroscopy in cathlab and found to have interrupted inferior vena cava. Postoperative course of the patient was uneventful. We discuss the importance of preoperative evaluation and the role of TEE in placement of cannulas during minimally invasive cardiac surgery.