Activity

The investigation of the effect of carvone (a natural monoterpene) on liver damage caused by chronic immobilisation.

Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups control, carvone, stress, and stress-carvone. To induce stress, rats were placed in a restrainer (6 h/21 day) and carvone was treated by gavage at a dose of 20 mg/kg.

Alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase activities were significantly increased in sera of immobilised rats. Chronic immobilisation also increased malondialdehyde levels and decreased reduced glutathione content, as well as increased TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and NF-κB mRNA expression and also led to the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the liver parenchyma. Carvone’s 21-day treatment prevented all of these changes in immobilised rats.

It is concluded that carvone has effectively prevented chronic immobilisation-induced liver injury, most probably through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities.

It is concluded that carvone has effectively prevented chronic immobilisation-induced liver injury, most probably through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities.

Executive dysfunction is common in persons with severe aphasia. Assessing these functions in this population is challenging. Informant ratings, such as the BRIEF-A, might be a useful alternative to neuropsychological tests. However, research has shown weak relationships between tests and ratings. The aim of this study was to understand how significant others of people with severe aphasia interpret and respond to questions about executive function in the informant report version of BRIEF-A.

Eleven significant others were interviewed about a subset of the BRIEF-A items, using cognitive interviewing. Interviews were subjected to thematic analysis.

There was variation in the interpretation of the items of BRIEF-A which frequently corrupted the items’ relation to what it was intended to measure. Further, informants wavered between considering the person with aphasias’ ability or actual performance and many had lowered their expectations. The language problems caused by the aphasia affected the validity of soth aphasia being a confounding factor in assessment of executive function. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Assessing executive function in people with severe aphasia is important but challenging. Quantitative results of informant ratings of executive function, such as BRIEF-A, in this population should be interpreted with caution, since it is unclear to what extent the ratings represent executive function. Using informant ratings does not solve the problem of the aphasia being a confounding factor, since the aphasia impacts on the validity of some of the items.

The glenoid track is a useful tool to predict engagement and therefore the risk of recurrence of dislocation in the presence of Hill-Sachs and/or bony Bankart lesions. To assess the glenoid track preoperatively, only methods using 3-dimensional reconstruction (3DR) have been described, but these lack a standardized, reliable, and easy description.

The purpose was to evaluate a new method for determining the glenoid track using computed tomography (CT) scan with multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) in comparison with using 3DR images. selleck chemical Our hypothesis was that the MPR method would be easier to standardize and more reproducible.

Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2.

A total of 52 patients whose arthro-CT scan revealed a Hill-Sachs lesion, whether in combination with a bony Bankart lesion or not, were included. Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine data from the 52 CT scans were all analyzed using open source image analysis software. Glenoid width, with or without associated bony defect, andMPRs are also easier to obtain, this method could be recommended in daily practice.

Correction of high posterior tibial slope is an important treatment option for revision of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) failure as seen in clinical and biomechanical studies. In cases with moderate to severe medial compartment arthritis, an additional varus correction osteotomy may be added to improve alignment.

To investigate the influence of coronal and sagittal correction high tibial osteotomy in ACL-deficient and ACL-reconstructed knees on knee kinematics and ACL graft load.

Controlled laboratory study.

Ten cadaveric knees were selected according to previous computed tomography measurements with increased native slope and slight varus tibial alignment (mean ± SD) slope, 9.9°± 1.4°; medial proximal tibia angle, 86.5°± 2.1°; age, 47.7 ± 5.8 years. A 10° anterior closing-wedge osteotomy, as well as an additional 5° of simulated varus correction osteotomy, were created and fixed using an external fixator. Four alignment conditions-native, varus correction, slope correction, and combined varus and ed forces on the graft as compared with the native state. The combined varus and slope osteotomy led to a mean decrease of ACL graft force by 33% at 200 N and by 58% at 400 N as compared with the native condition (

< .001).

A combined varus and slope correction led to a relevant decrease of ATT in the ACL-deficient and ACL-reconstructed cadaveric knee. ACL graft forces were significantly decreased after combined varus and slope correction. Thus, our biomechanical findings support the treatment goal of a perpendicular-aligned tibial plateau for ACL insufficiencies, especially in cases of revision surgery.

This study shows the beneficial knee kinematics and reduced forces on the ACL graft after combined varus and slope correction.

This study shows the beneficial knee kinematics and reduced forces on the ACL graft after combined varus and slope correction.Methylated bis-triethylene glycolic crown-5-calix[4]arene (M-BTC5A) as a phase-transfer catalyst showed the best performance among other analogues and even conventional Kryptofix 222 in the nucleophilic aromatic 18F-fluorination of diaryliodonium tosylate precursors owing to (i) the efficient release of reactive “naked” [18F]fluoride, (ii) the high stabilization of the precursor in the reaction, and, presumably, (iii) the ease of access between the precursor and the K18F/M-BTC5A complex facilitated by π-π interactions. [18F]Flumazenil was produced in high radiochemical yield using M-BTC5A.